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  Inorganic Chemistry

STANNOUS CHLORIDE, SnCl2 :

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When Sn is heated with HCl (conc.) SnCl2 is formed.
Sn(s) + HCl (conc.) ———> SnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

On concentrating the resulting solution, crystals of SnCl2.2H2O are obtained. When it is heated, basic tin chloride is obtained.

                              Δ

SnCl2.2H2O(s) ———> Sn(OH)Cl + HCl + H2O

To obtain anhydrous SnCl2 , heat Sn in dry HCl gas.

                      Δ

Sn + 2 HCl ———> SnCl2 + H2

 

(a) It exists as a anhydrous (white powder, m.p. = 520 K , rhombic solid) as well as dihydrate SnCl2.2H2O (white, m.p. = 480 K, monoclinic) and is used as a strong reducing agent in conc. HCl in laboratory.

SnCl2 also reduces HgCl2

2HgCl2 + SnCl2 ——> Hg2Cl2 + SnCl4

Hg2Cl2 + SnCl2 ——> 2Hg + SnCl4

(b) It is precipitated as hydroxide by an alkali.

(c) If forms addition compounds with NH3 such as SnCl2.NH3 and SnCl2.2NH3.

 

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