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  Inorganic Chemistry

Sodium carbonate or washing soda :

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It exists in various forms, namely anhydrous sodium carbonate Na2CO2 (soda-ash); monohydrate Na2CO3.H2O (crystal carbonate); hyptahydrate Na2CO3.7H2O and decahydrate Na2CO3.10H2O (washing soda or sal soda).

Preparation : Solvay process : In this process, brine (NaCl) , NH3 and CO2 are the raw materials.

NH3 + CO2 + H2O → NH4HCO3

NH4HCO3 + NaCl —————→ NaHCO3↓ + NH4Cl

2NaHCO3 ——————→ Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3
                    slaked lime

CaCl2 so formed in the above reaction is a byproduct of solvay process.

 

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