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  Inorganic Chemistry

Sodium hydroxide NaOH (Caustic soda) :

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Preparation

(a) Gossage process:

Na2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 → 2NaOH ↓ + CaCO3

(b) Electrolytic method : Caustic soda is manufactured by the electrolysis of a concentrated solution of NaCl.

At anode: Cl– discharged; At cathode: Na+ discharged

(c) Castner - Kellener cell (Mercury cathode process) : NaOH obtained by electrolysis of aq. solution of brine. The cell comprises of rectangular iron tank divided into three compartments.

Outer compartment – Brine solution is electrolysed ; Central compartment – 2% NaOH solution and H2


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