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  Inorganic Chemistry
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::  Non Stoichiometry | d and f Block elements ::

Halides

 

1. Silver halides (AgF, AgCl, AgBr & AgI)

 

Preparation

Silver halides are prepared by the action of sodium or potassium halide on silver nitrate solution (except for AgF)
 

    AgNO3 + NaX ———→ AgX(s) + NaNO3   

Silver fluoride is prepared by the action of HF on silver (I) oxide. 

        2HF + 2Ag2O ———→ 2AgF + H2O

 Properties
(i) AgCl is white solid, AgBr is a pale yellow solid and AgI is a yellow solid.

(ii) AgF is soluble in water whereas other halides are insoluble in water. AgCl dissolves in ammonia to form a complex.

         AgCl + 2NH4OH ———→ [Ag(NH3)2]Cl + 2H2O

      AbBr is partially soluble and AgI is insoluble in NH4OH.
 (iii) All the silver halides dissolve in potassium cyanide and Na2S2O3 solution to form complexes.

          AgCl + 2KCN ———→ K [Ag(CN)2] + KCl

          AgCl + 2Na2S2O3 ———→ Na2[Ag(S2O3)2] + NaCl
 Uses

All silver halides (particularly AgBr) are photosensitive and hence are widely used in photography.

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